Saturday, January 14, 2012

Human Rights vs Cultural Rights.


All human beings are born free and equal in dignify  and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Human  Rights.
  • Human Rights can broadly be defined as the moral entitlements of all human beings to dignified living ,full  development of personality and social justice.
  • Human Rights are first and foremost the rights of the individual.
  • Human Rights are “basic rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled.
  • Examples of rights and freedoms  which have come to be commonly thought of as human rights include civil and political rights, such as the right to life and liberty, freedom of expression, and equality before the law.
  • And economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to participate in culture, the right to be treated with respect and dignity, the right to food, the right to work and the right to education in some countries.
  • According to Prof Hard J Lasky denote that Rights are the essential conditions for continue life in good manner.
           
Cultural Rights.
The cultural rights movement provoked attention to protect the rights of groups of people, or other culture, in similar fashion to the manner in which the human rights movement has brought attention to the meods of individuals throughout the world.
  • Cultural rights are different from human rights specifically because there are vested in groups of people, where as human rights deal with individuals.
  • Unlike human rights, cultural rights are vested not in individuals but in groups, such as religious and ethnic minorities and indigenous societies.
  • Cultural rights include a groups abilities to preserve its culture to raise its children to continue its economic base by the nation is which it is located.
                                                                                                                                  


Components of culture.

Dominant culture
  • The dominant culture in a society refers to the established language, religion, values, rituals, and social customs.
  • By its  dominance can control the social institutions such as communication, educational institutions, artistic expression, law, political process and business.
  • In multicultural society, various cultures are celebrated and respected equally.
    
Sub culture.
  • Sub culture is a group of people with a culture, which differentiates them from the larger culture to which they belong.
  • Sub culture is a segment of society that shares a   special patterns of mores ,folk ways, values that differs from the large society.
  • In a sens   a sub culture can be   though  of as a culture excisting   withing a larger, dominant culture.
Counter  culture.
  • When a sub culture conspicuousty and deliberately oppose certain aspects of the larger culture it is known as a counter culture.
  • Which  means a culture totally different from the larger culture in many aspects.
  • Counter culture typically thrive among the young.
  • Eg: Hippies dropped out of main stream social institution.
        

Friday, January 13, 2012

Material culture and Non-material culture.

Material  culture.

  • Material culture is man-made, refers to the physical or technological aspects of our daily lives.
  • Material  culture  is the tangible part of the man made environment ,what one can see feel and use to accomplish the task of survival.
  • It includes parts of the natural environment which ma has modified and adapted to his use. Domesticated plants and animals are part of the material culture.

Non-material  culture.

  • The non-material culture  is the intangible web of man- made patterns  ,beliefs, approved   ways of behaving and rules which every people have in abundance.
  • Non- material culture consists of the words the people use or the language the speak , the belief they hold, values  the cherish,  habits  they follow and ceremonies they observe.


Characteristic of culture


CULTURE IS LEARNT

·       Culture is not inherited biologically,but socialy by man.It is not inborn and tendency.
·       Human are the learning animals beyond all others.we have more tolearn,take longer ,and learn it in more complex ways.
·       Eg:How to did you learnt to speak English or other language?What other things have you learned without being concscious of it?
 CULTURE IS SHARED.
·       We share the some meaning for symbols to be a part of a culture,it’s a way of thinking and interacting.
·       Share attitudes,vslues,norms,customs……
·       Something we get some components from other cultures.It is called as culture  diffutio.
Eg:
Ø Marriage patterns
Ø Aurwedic medicine.

CULTURE IS SOCIAL

  • with other Culture is social
  • Culture is it an individual exist in isolation.
  • Neither is it an individual phenomena.It is a product of society.
  • It originates and develops through social interaction.It is shared  by the members of society.
  • No man can acquire culture without  association human beings.

Monday, January 9, 2012

According Tylor's definition of Culture

In 1873 "Edward Tylor" called as the "father of anthropology"introduced the concept of culture as an explanation of the different among human societies.
Tylor defined culture as that complex whole which includes knowledge,beliefs,art,law,customs and any other capabilities acquired by man as a member of society.He defined anthropology as the study of culture.According to Tylor's definition culture is complex thing.And also Tylor's definition emphasize that culture is production of continues historical process.Culture is a learnt behavior and culture guide to behavioers.       

Culture

Culture is one of the most important concept in Sociology and Anthropology.Every society has its culture,so culture and society is inseparable.  
Eg :Primitive society.
      Folk society.
      Urban society.
Man is a cultural being,Every man is considered as a repesentative of his culture.Culture is the unique of man which  separetes him from the lower animals.Only man is born and brought up in cultural environment ,other animals live in natural environment.Culture is sum of socially transmitted practices,language,symbols,values,and material object that people create  to deal with real-life problems.